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PSORIASIS
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WHAT IS PSORIASIS?
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells. This results in scaling on the skin's surface, which can be accompanied by itching, inflammation, and pain.
Psoriasis affects approximately 2-3% of the population, and it can occur at any age, but it typically appears between the ages of 15 and 35. The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Certain triggers such as stress, infection, injury, medications, and weather changes can also aggravate psoriasis symptoms.
INITIAL SYMPTOMS
The symptoms of psoriasis can vary depending on the type and severity of the disease.
Common symptoms include:
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Red, inflamed patches of skin with silver-white scales
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Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
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Itching, burning, or soreness
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Thickened or ridged nails
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Joint pain or stiffness
Psoriasis can affect any part of the body, including the scalp, face, hands, feet, nails, and genitals. In some cases, psoriasis can also cause complications such as psoriatic arthritis, which can result in joint damage and disability.
TYPES OF PSORIASIS
There are several types of psoriasis, each with its own unique characteristics.
Some common types of psoriasis include:
Plaque psoriasis
This is the most common type of psoriasis, accounting for about 80% of all cases. It causes raised, red patches of skin covered with silvery-white scales. These patches can appear anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back.
Guttate psoriasis
This type of psoriasis typically affects children and young adults and is characterized by small, pink, droplet-shaped lesions on the skin. It often develops after a bacterial infection such as strep throat.
Inverse psoriasis
This type of psoriasis causes smooth, red patches of skin that are typically found in skin folds such as the groin, armpits, and under the breasts.
Pustular psoriasis
This type of psoriasis causes white, pus-filled blisters surrounded by red, irritated skin. It can occur anywhere on the body but is most commonly found on the hands and feet.
Erythrodermic psoriasis
This is the least common but most severe type of psoriasis, causing widespread redness, scaling, and itching of the skin. It can also cause fever, chills, and dehydration and may require hospitalisation.
It's important to note that psoriasis can present differently in each individual, and some people may have a combination of different types of psoriasis. A dermatologist can help diagnose and develop a treatment plan for psoriasis based on the individual's specific symptoms and needs.
HOW TO MANAGE PSORIASIS
Self-care Measures
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Keep your skin moist to prevent irritation and itchiness.
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Using mild soaps and soap substitutes is recommended.
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Avoid smoking and minimise scratching to avoid worsening the symptoms.
Professional Measures
There is no cure for psoriasis, but treatments are available to manage the symptoms. The treatment options include topical creams, phototherapy, oral medications, and biologic drugs. The treatment choice depends on the severity of the disease, the location of the affected skin, and the patient's medical history.
